Geological Sciences and its applications
.::. Invited Lecture
1
23
المشروعات التعدينية الكبرى بين الواقع والمأمول
ا.د. محمد حسان عوض , ا.د. البهي عيسوي , ا.د. محمود محمد حسان , ا.د. رضا محرم , ا.د. محمد الوجيه
جامعة الأزهر
ABSTRACT
المشروعات التعدينية الكبرى بين الواقع والمأمول
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
.::. Invited Lecture
2
23
البحوث العلمية وكيفية الاستفادة منها في الصناعة
فايز حبيب - أسكوم
شركة أسيك للتعدين - أسكوم
ABSTRACT
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
3
23
Geoelectrical Exploration of Groundwater by Using Vertical Electrical Sounding Technique at Wadi Morra, South Sinai, Egypt
Mahmoud Abdelaziz Zayed
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
ABSTRACT
Wadi Morra area is one of the most important areas targeted by the government for sustainable development. This development depends mainly on groundwater occurrences. This research aims to explore groundwater in this region, which depends on groundwater for its needs. To achieve this aim, the geoelectrical resistivity method was used, represented by Schlumberger Vertical Electrical Soundings (VESs). Seventeen VESs have been carried out with a maximum half current electrode spacing (AB/2) of 700 m. The measured VESs are interpreted qualitatively and quantitatively to construct a geoelectrical model. To detect the water-bearing layers and their extensions, three geoelectric cross-sections in addition to a one-panel diagram were constructed using all the available data. Also, both true resistivity and isopach contour maps of water-bearing layers were created based on these data. The interpretation results indicate that there are five geoelectric layers (A, B, C, D, and E), two of them (C and D) are water-bearing layers. The first water-bearing layer is layer C, which represents the Nubian sandstone aquifer, and the second layer is layer D, which represents the fractured basement aquifer. These two aquifers were observed along the northern part of the Saint Catherine - Nuweiba road that dissects the wadi Morra basin, while it is absent at the southern part of this road. It is due to the presence of a few faults. According to groundwater occurrences, the study area was divided into two zones. The first zone is zone (A) where the groundwater is present, either in the Nubian sandstone aquifer or in the fractured basement aquifer and the second zone is zone (B) where there is no groundwater at all due to the presence of basement rocks at a few depths. This research also recommends that the best places for drilling productive wells are at zone A.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
4
23
Treatment of Expansive Soil Using Industrial Waste Marble Powder of El Galala El Bahariya Plateau, North Eastern Desert, Egypt
Mohammad H. Awad , Ahmed M. Saad , Mohamed A. H. Sakr
Prof. of sedimentary geology, faculty of science, Al-Azhar University
Prof. of engineering geology, faculty of science, Al-Azhar University
Lecturer of engineering geology, faculty of science, Al-Azhar University
ABSTRACT
The development of any country depends on the transportation facilities and construction projects. For the projects to be successful the foundation beds must be strong which requires better soil properties. In the current study swelling soils are stabilized with waste marble powder (WMP). The present study aims to enhance the swelling soil and study the influence of chemical stabilizer on cohesive soil to use a foundation layer. Waste marble powder was added to the soil with different percentages as 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% by weight of dry soil. Different laboratory tests have been performed on representative soil samples including, Atterberge limits, free swelling, swelling pressure, free swell index and swelling potential. This research was supported by mineralogical identification such as X-ray diffraction (XRD).The results indicate that the swelling pressure and swelling potential is reduced. Free swell index becomes zero by adding of waste marble powder, and this study recommends 30% replacement of WMP.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
5
23
Integration of Sedimentological and Geotechnical Studies to Evaluate the Soil of Buraydah City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Ahmed M Saad , Sherif M El Kholy , Mohamed A. H. Sakr , Osama El Shafaey
Prof. of engineering geology, faculty of science, Al Azhar University
Prof. of civil engineering, faculty of engineering, Al Qassim University
Lecturer of engineering geology, faculty of science, Al-Azhar University
Geological engineer
ABSTRACT
This research involves sedimentological and geotechnical studies at Buraydah City Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The sedimentological study includes; grain size analysis, to evaluate the textural parameters and statistical measurements to describe the depositional pattern of the studied sediments in the area of study. The statistical parameters include; graphic mean size varying from (-1.7) to (0.44) with an average of (-0.63) and fall in the very coarse sand grade. The sorting (σI) ranges from (1.3 to (2.2 with an average (1.75 falling in the poorly sorted. The skewness (Sk) range from (-0.08) to (0.97 with an average of (0.45) reflecting strongly fine-skewed. The kurtosis (Kg) ranges between (0.57) to (2.2 with an average (1.39) proving leptokurtic. From relationships between different grain size parameters, it can be concluded that the study area deposited in river environment. Geotechnical investigation results of coarse grained soil at the foundation levels reveal that the values of uniformity coefficient extend from 3.21 to 14.7, the values of curvature coefficient range from 0.002 to 0.028. From direct shear test the ultimate bearing capacity values of the studied samples range from 888.0 kN/m2 to 1412.0 kN/m2 and elastic settlement from (5.40 cm) to (7.96 cm). The investigation results of fine grained soil at foundation levels reveal that the liquid limit (LL) values range from 25.3 to 54.0 %, plastic limit (PL) range from 19.2 to 28.0 %, plasticity index (PI) ranges from 4.4 to 26.0%, free swelling ranges from 35.0 to 58.0 %, PH ranges from 7.67 to 8.50, sulphate content ranges from 0.014 to 0.650 % and chloride content ranges from 0.012 to 0.419 %.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
6
23
Impact of geochemical characteristics on petrology, diagenesis and paleoenvironment of Paleozoic sandstones, southwestern Sinai, Egypt
Ibrahim A.M , Abdalla Soliman Alshami , Abayazeed, S. D. , Saadawy D. A.
Al-Azhar of University, Faculty Science, Geology Department
Nuclear Material Authority – Egypt
Geological Science Department, National Research Center – Egypt
Al-Azhar of University, Faculty Science, Geology Department
ABSTRACT
The present study deals with Early and Late Paleozoic sandstones at Southwestern Sinai area East Abu Zenima City, aiming to study the petrographic characteristics, paleoenvironment, diagenesis and their impact on sandstone chemical composition.
Geochemical studies; abundance, behavior and distribution of major and trace components reveals that; Early and Late Paleozoic sandstones seem to be formed under relatively warm climate, slightly alkaline conditions.
Mineralogical study shows that Early Paleozoic; Cambro-Ordovician (Sarabit El Khadim and Adediya Formations are classified as Quartz arenite while Abu Hamata Fm; is classified as Quartz arenite and Quartz wacke). Late Paleozoic; Early Carboniferous (El Hashash, Magharet El Maiah and Abu Zarab Formations) sandstones are classified as Quartz arenite.
Petrographically; Textural maturity study shows that Early and Late Paleozoic sandstones range from immature to mature sandstones and clustered mainly as mature sandstones. It seems that these mature sandstones were formed in area of mild tectonic instability (unstable shelves).
Diagenetic study reveals that; Early and Late Paleozoic sandstones were exposed to several physical (Compaction and pressure solution) and chemical (Eogenesis, Authigenesis, Mesogenesis and Telogenesis) stages of diagenesis.
Paleoenvironment study shows that; Early and Late Paleozoic sandstones were formed in area of mild tectonic stability.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
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مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
7
23
SUPRA-SUBDUCTION SETTING OF LATE PROTEROZOIC ULTRAMFIC ROCKS, EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT: CLUES FROM WHOLE ROCK GEOCHEMISTRY
El Saeed Ramadan Lasheen , Wael Abdel Wahab
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
Geological Sciences Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt
ABSTRACT
Detailed field, petrographical, bulk rock and mineral chemistry of the ultramafic rocks of northern Atud and Malo Grimarea, South Eastern Desert (ED) of Egypt. Serpentinite rocks are the main ultramafics of the dismembered ophiolitic rocks exposed in the two area. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, antigorite is the main serpentine minerals with lesser chrysotile and lizardite which indicates that serpentinites were formed under prograde metamorphism. Loss on ignition (LOI) varies from 6.95-11.8 wt.%, indicate a various degree of serpentinization. Al2O3 of the studied serpentinites (0.19-0.47 wt.%) are low relative to those of the primitive mantle (PM, Al2O3 ca. 4.5 wt.%). The average of MgO content of the studied serpentinites is high relative to PM composition, suggesting the mantle melting more than 20%. SiO2 concentrations are higher, whereas Fe2O3 are lower than values of PM. SiO2 and Al2O3, bulk major oxides, are immobile during alteration processes relative to low field strength elements and CaO, therefore they can be used as the index of depletion. Harzburgite-dunite complex protolith is indicated by bastite and mesh textures, besides high contents of compatible elements such as Ni, Cr and Co. Ultramafics of supra-subduction zone affinity (forearc) is characterized by low contents of TiO2 (<0.05 w.t%), CaO (<0.65 wt.%), MgO/SiO2 ratios (<1.04), Al2O3 (<0.78 wt.%) and Al2O3/SiO2 ratio (<0.02).
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
8
23
Benthic foraminiferal biozonation of the Maastrichtian-Lower Eocene succession in the Kharga area, Western Desert, Egypt
Abdel Galil A. Hewaidy , Sherif Farouk , Youssef S. Bazeen
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. PO.Box:11884
Exploration Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Egypt
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. PO.Box:11884
ABSTRACT
The Maastrichtian-Lower Eocene successions in four surface sections named Naqb El-Rufuf, Umm El-Ghanayim, Teir, and Darb Gaga are measured in the Kharga Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt and their benthic foraminiferal contents are identified. The studied interval is characterized by very rich and diverse benthic foraminiferal assemblages as about 250 benthic species belonging to 104 genera, 51 families and 4 suborders are identified. Based on the vertical distribution of these taxa, six biozones are proposed. These are: Ammobaculites khargaensis/Discorbis pseudoscopos Biozone for the Maastrichtian; Siphogenerinoides eleganta-Orthokarstenia higazi Biozone, Anomalinoides praeacutus and Bulimina farafraensis/Praeglobobulimina ovata biozones for the Paleocene and Cibicidoides rigidus/Neoeponides lotus and Operculina libyca biozones for the Early Eocene. The comparison between the distinguished biozones with those distinguished in other localities underpins its applicability for the biostratigaphic correlation between distant regions especially in the deposits of the middle and outer shelf settings. Furthermore, the relation between these zones and the faunal turnover across the recognized stage boundaries is outlined.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
9
23
Macrobiostratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous – Lower Paleogene succession in Kharga Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt
Abdel Galil A. Hewaidy , Gamal M. El Qot , El Sayed M. Moneer
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
ABSTRACT
Six sections representing the Campanian-lower Eocene succession in the Kharga Oasis, Western Desert were measured and their macrofossil contents are accurately collected. The studied interval in the study area is marked by the presence of two facies types: the Nile Valley Facies, which is subdivided into the Qusier, Duwi, Dakhla and Tarawan, Esna and El Rufuf formations from base to top, and the Garra Al Arbain Facies, which is represented by the Duwi, Dakhla, Kurkur and Garra formations.
72 macrofossil species including one cnidarian, 3 corals, 37 bivalves, 19 gastropods, 8 cephalopods and 4 echinoderms are identified and described. Among the identified species, two new gastropod species (Gisortia khargaensis and Ornopsis? barisensis) and two new nautiloid species (Cimomia kurkurensis and Deltoidonautilus hassani) are established.
Based on the vertical distribution of the identified macrofossils, the studied succession is subdivided into nine biozones. Baculites ovatus /Ambigostrea villei Zone of late Campanian age; Exogyra overwegi/Libycoceras ismaelis Zone of early/late Maastrichtian age; Venericardia teneidensis Zone of early Paleocene age; Ostrea orientalis Zone, Venericardia spp. Zone and Aporrhais schweinfurthi Zone of early Paleocene age; Echinocorys fakhryi Zone and Schizorhabdus libycus Zone of late Paleocene age and Lucina thebaica/Ostrea sp. Zone of early Eocene age.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
10
23
Maastrichtian-Paleocene Ostracoda from Teneida section, Dakhla Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt: systematics, biostratigraphy, paleobathymetry and paleobiogeography
Abdel-Galil A. Hewaidy , Abdel-Mohsen M. Morsi , Ahmed Samir
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884 Cairo, Egypt
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884 Cairo, Egypt
ABSTRACT
The detailed examination of the ostracod faunal content in the Maastrichtian-Paleocene succession of Teneida section, Dakhla Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt, yielded 36 ostracod species and subspecies assigned to 25 genera. Most of the species are recovered from the Maastrichtian-Danian interval. Four groups of taxa are differentiated, Maastrichtian taxa, taxa crossing the K/Pg boundary, early Paleocene taxa and early to late Paleocene taxa. Comparison of the species record in the present section with previous records in and outside Egypt implies a remarable faunal turnover across the K/Pg where taxa characterizing the Maastrichtian and Paleocene are respectively revealed. Meanwhile the ostracod assemblage found in the Maastrichtian indicates inner to middle neritic settings the assemblage recorded in the Paleocene reflects deposition in middle to outer neritic settings. The South Tethyan identity of the present fauna during the Maastrichtian-Paleocene is reflected in the wide geographic distribution of many of the recorded species in different areas of North Africa and the Middle East. The less ostracod faunal similarity between the southern Tethys and the West African basins during the Maastrichtian-Selandian compared with the Thanetian is emphasized by the presence only few of the recorded taxa in common with West Africa
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
11
23
Ammonite biostratigraphy of the Cenomanian-Turonian succession at Wadi Tarfa, North Eastern Desert, Egypt
El-Sayed Moneer , Youssef S. Bazeen , Islam El-Sheikh
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
ABSTRACT
Wadi Tarfa area offers a well-exposed mixed siliciclastic /carbonate Upper Cretaceous succession. A representative section for Cenomanian-Turonian interval was measured and the macro-faunal contents especially the ammonites were carefully collected bed by bed and identified. The studied section comprises two rock units, the Galala Formation and the overlaying Umm Omeiyid Formation. The Lower and Middle Cenomanian intervals are found barren of ammonites. On the other hand, the Upper Cenomanian yields several ammonite species that enable to subdivide this interval into three total range biozones. These are from base to top; the Neolobites vibrayeanus, Metoicoceras geslinianum, and Vascoceras cauvini zones. Likewise, two biozones were recognized in the Lower Turonian, these are, Vascoceras proprium and Choffaticeras spp. zones. The Middle Turonian interval is represented by the lower part of the Umm Omeiyid Formation which doesn't yield any ammonites fauna. However, the upper part of the Umm Omeiyid Formation holds the Coilopoceras requienianum Zone of the late Turonian age. These biozones allowed a more rigorous comparison between our section and the NW European and Tethyan successions. Accordingly, the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary is cited within the upper part of the Galala Formation at the last occurrence (LO) of Vascoceras cauvini and the first occurrence (FO) of Vascoceras proprium at the studied section.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
12
23
Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy, Paleoecology and Sequence Stratigraphy of the Campanian- Maastrichtian at Bir Mellaha section, Esh El-Mellaha Area, North Eastern Desert, Egypt
Abdel Galil A. Hewaidy , Sherif Farouk , Arafa F. El-Balkiemy
Prof. at Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
Prof. at Exploration Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
Lecture at Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
ABSTRACT
The Campanian- Maastrichtian Sudr Formation is measured and detailed examined for its foraminiferal contents at Bir Mellaha section which is located at the southern part of the western flank of Esh El-Mellaha range, north Eastern Desert, Egypt. 142 foraminiferal species have been identified of them 57 planktonic and 85 benthonic species. The planktonic assemblage is used to classify the studied interval into 11 planktonic foraminiferal biozones: Globotruncana ventricosa Zone (late early to late Campanian age); Globotruncanella havanensis (=CF9) and Globotruncana aegyptiaca (CF8a) zones (late Campanian age); Rugoglobigerina hexacamerata (CF8b), Gansserina gansseri (CF7), Contusotruncana contusa (CF6),and Pseudotextularia intermedia (CF5) zones (early Maastrichtian age); Racemiguembelina fructicosa (CF4), Pseudoguembelina hariaensis (CF3), Pseudoguembelina palpebera (CF2), and Plummerita hantkeninoides (CF1) zones (late Maastrichtian age). Also this interval is classified into three benthonic foraminiferal biozones: Bolivinoides decoratus Zone (late Campanian age); Bolivinoides draco miliaris Zone (early Maastrichtian age), Bolivinoides draco draco Zone (late Maastrichtian age). The total number of foraminiferal species, the species diversity, the P/B ratio, the Aggl./ Calc. ratio; and their abundance patterns are used to reach to a detailed paleoecologic interpretations and sea level changes during the deposition of the studied succession. The integration between lithologic characters, detailed field examination for the stratigraphic surfaces, and foraminiferal biostratigraphic studies led to classify this interval into two 3rd depositional sequences bounded by three type- one sequence boundaries. The correlations of the recorded sequence boundaries in the studied section with those of the previous studies inside /outside Egypt were done.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
13
23
RGB COLOR-BLENDING SPECTRAL DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS VS. FULL BAND-WIDTH CONVENTIONAL SEISMIC ATTRIBUTES FOR DELINEATING PLIOCENE TURBIDITES, OFFSHORE NILE DELTA, EGYPT
Prof. Dr. Adel Othman , Dr. Ali Bakr , Dr. Ali Maher
Geophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Azhar University
G & G Consultant
Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company (EGAS)
ABSTRACT
Spectral decomposition analysis of seismic data superior to the full band-width conventional seismic attributes such as average absolute amplitude (AAA) and root mean square (RMS) maps. Spectral decomposition also is known as time-frequency analysis it transfers seismic data from time domain to time vs. frequency domain. Frequency domain clarifies many features which time-domain couldn’t. Spectral decomposition of seismic data becomes not only a tool for stratigraphic interpretation but also a Direct Hydrocarbon Indicator (DHI) tool and a powerful tool to reduce dry well drilling. Hereafter, spectral decomposition will play a considerable role in analyzing time domain seismic data.
Therefore, spectral decomposition analysis applied to map bed thickness, geological discontinuities and delineating channels at Solar gas discovery. Two different channels were delineated; (gas-bearing channel named “Red channel” and a water-bearing channel named “Yellow channel”), both channels were verified by the Solar-1 drilling phase.
The full band-width conventional seismic attributes; Average Absolute Amplitude (AAA) over Solar channels couldn’t fully describe the channels architecture, but the spectral decomposition analysis gives better imaging to delineate channels architecture and fairway definition.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
14
23
Assessment of Unconventional Reservoirs of the Middle Jurassic Safa Shales in the Shushan Basin, Northern Western Desert, Egypt
Mohammad Elsaqqa , Walid Afify , Essam Abdel Gawad
Khalda Petroleum Company
Khalda Petroleum Company
Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
ABSTRACT
For years, many believed that the potential of unconventional shale gas in Egypt is very limited, but over the past few years, it becomes gaining importance. The study discussing the shale gas potentiality of the Middle Jurassic Safa Shales, Shushan Basin, which is one of the most important oil fields in the Egyptian Western Desert. This also can be considered as the first shale gas trial in Egypt with a complete work chain of geological, geochemical, petrophysical and geomechanical evaluations. Different techniques have used for each element in the work chain in order to determine the shale sweet spot. TOC, Pyrolysis, Vitrinite reflectance, and basin modeling are used to determine the organic content and to confirm the generation of different petroleum types (oil/gas), it showed that the target shale is characterized by kerogen type III/II. TOC, Tmax and Ro values reflect a good to very good source rock in the late to early mature stages. Advanced petrophysical measurements from both cores and new technology logging tools such as NMR, Di-Electric, Elemental Capture Spectroscopy and Image tools combined with other lab measurements are integrated to determine the petrophysical parameters of the interested shales. Geomechanics focuses on basic shale mechanical properties to avoid ductile zones in the frac and completion stages. The results confirmed that the target shale of the Middle Jurassic Upper Safa is promising as an unconventional shale gas reservoir and open the door for the unconventional reservoirs in the most of North Western Desert basins.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
15
23
Preliminary Geotechnical Investigations of the Rock Mass Encountered in New Capital Administrative area - Egypt.
Ahmed M Saad , Abdel-Khalek A El-Werr , Ahmed El-Geneidy , Ahmed Adel Abbas
Prof. of engineering geology, faculty of science, Al Azhar University
Prof. of geophysics, faculty of science, Ain Shams University
Assoc. Prof. of soil mechanics, engineering Giza Institute
Geological engineer
ABSTRACT
The present study deals with the geotechnical studies of New Capital Administrative area - Egypt. The region has a total area of approximately 245 square kilometers, it bounded between Cairo-Suez road from the north, Cairo-Sukhna road from the south, Ring road from the west and Regional Eastern road from the east. This study area was investigated by 76 boreholes with samples that were collected to determine their physical, mechanical and chemical properties whether on soil or rock. The results of rock tests show the values of water absorption ranged from 1.2% to 4.7%, porosity ranged from 3.8% to9.6%, Specific gravity ranged from 2.49 to 2.77 and bulk density ranged from 2.35 t/m3 to 2.8t/m3 (for basalt) and 2.191 t/m3 (for sandstone). Mechanically, the values of the uniaxial compressive strength ranged from1.52 Kg/cm2 very weak to1136 Kg/cm2 very strong, indicate that most of the studied samples are medium strong. The results of sandy and clayey soils show the following; the values of liquid, plastic and shrinkage limits (LL, PL and SL) ranged from 40 % to 96 %, from 15.1 % to 37.8 % and from 87 % to 21.2 % respectively. The plasticity index (PI) ranged from 19 % (medium plasticity) to 61.4 % (very high plasticity). The values of specific gravity ranged from 2.53 to 2.646 (for sand) and from 2.38 to 2.72 (for clay). The values of bulk density ranged from 1.654 to 2.25 t/m3 (for sand) and from 1.76 to 2.35 t/m3(for clay). Activity of clay ranged from 0.52 (inactive clay) to 1.06 (normal clay), free swelling of clay ranged from 30% (weak swelling) to 165% (High swelling). Direct shear test results were used to estimate the soil’s bearing capacity. It was found that, the values of the internal friction angle ranged from (26.7º to36.7º) and cohesion intercept (C) ranged from 0 Kg/cm2 to 0.6 Kg/cm2.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
16
23
ENHANCED ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL STABILITY OF NOVEL FABRICATED KAOLINITE-BASED NANOCOMPOSITES FROM EGYPTIAN KAOLINS: A NEW CONTRIBUTION TO MEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MINERALOGY
Mahmoud ElSayed Awad , Alberto López-Galindo , Mahmoud Mohamed El Rahmany , Marina Milenković , Svetlana Ibrić
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University in Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences (IACT), Spanish National Research Council-University of Granada, Spain.
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University in Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain.
ABSTRACT
In this study, antimicrobial activity of kaolinite was enhanced by one-step reaction with some non-toxic metallic compounds to get cost-effective and ecofriendly metal-kaolinite nanocomposites, in which their modified physicochemical properties are influenced by the microstructural characteristics. Homogeneous mixtures of these precursor components were reacted at defined temperature and time conditions, followed by removing of the excessive non-reactive metals. Characteristics and stability of these fabricated products were characterized by means of XRD/XRF, TEM, Zeta-potential (pH 2 – 12), BET and dissociation testing at pH 6.44 and 2. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against eight antibiotic resistant strains. These nanocomposites showed crystalline metal oxides nanoparticles embedded and reinforced within kaolinite platelet´s matrix as edge/surface distributions governed by the kaolinite structural order-disorder. These products proved potent antimicrobial activity at low doses (MIC range 0.1 – 0.0125 mg/mL) in 5 days. Findings indicated that the reactivity of metallic salts with ordered and disordered kaolinites by using the studied novel method catalyzes crystallization of metal oxides nanoparticles, forming stable nanocomposites (with insignificant metal dissociation rate) of variable microtextures with relevant modified surface charges in the bacterial growth conditions.
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MATH
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CSC
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
17
23
POTENTIALITY OF KAOLINITE/PEPTIDE SURFACE INTERACTIONS: A NEW MEDICAL MINERALOGY PERSPECTIVE ON PHYLLOSILICATE ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY BY USING MOLECULAR COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH
Mahmoud ElSayed Awad , Ana Borrego-Sánchez , Elizabeth Escamilla-Roa , César Viseras Iborra , Alberto López-Galindo
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University in Cairo, Nasr City, 11884, Egypt.
Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain.
Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden.
Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain.
Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences (IACT), Spanish National Research Council-University of Granada, Spain.
Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences (IACT), Spanish National Research Council-University of Granada, Spain.
ABSTRACT
This work aimed the study of interactions potentiality between kaolinite surfaces and peptide fragment (350 – 370) extracted from glycoprotein E1 in transmembrane domain (TMD) of hepatitis C virus capsid. A computational work was performed for locating potential electrostatic interaction sites between kaolinite aluminol and siloxane surfaces and charged residues of these peptide ligands with monitoring of possible conformational changes. The optimized total system was composed of chloride-neutralized protein fragment of dimensions 30.12Å х 12.57Å (21 amino acids, and 311 atoms), surrounded by 626 water molecules, and all were placed onto kaolinite (6x6x1) supercell (Al144Si144O360(OH)288, 1224 atoms, ab-plane dimensions 30.43 Å x 52.41 Å with surface area of 16 nm2). This hydrated neutralized kaolinite/protein system was simulated by means of molecular modeling based on atomistic force fields and molecular dynamic (MD) methods at several temperatures during timescale from 0.7 to 10 ns. The MD calculations indicated that this protein segment was interacted to kaolinite surfaces with exothermic process and some observed structural distortions, particularly with the hydrophilic aluminol surface by adsorption energy Eads = -372.6 kcal/mol. Therefore, viral unit isolation or trapping by adsorption affinity on kaolinite nanoparticles and/or by alterations of TDM-peptide ligands could lead to entry blockage and inactivity.
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MATH
STA
CSC
CHEM
GEO
BIO
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
18
23
THE AZHAR-IACT INDEX: A NEW CHEMO-STRUCTURAL SEDIMENTOLOGICAL PROXY AND AN APPROACH TO "NANOSEDIMENTOLOGY"
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University in Cairo, Nasr City, 11884, Egypt.
Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences (IACT), Spanish National Research Council-University of Granada, Spain.
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University in Cairo, Nasr City, 11884, Egypt.
Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences (IACT), Spanish National Research Council-University of Granada, Spain.
Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences (IACT), Spanish National Research Council-University of Granada, Spain.
Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences (IACT), Spanish National Research Council-University of Granada, Spain.
ABSTRACT
Kaolinite abundances in non-marine siliciclastic fluvial successions globally increase towards unconformity surfaces reaching their maximum contents directly below the sequence boundaries. Hence, the position of kaolinite in stratigraphic sections is a powerful marker or proxy to delineate such sequence surfaces, produced by subsequent uplift and subaerial erosions prevailing in non-marine settings in the geologic sedimentary record. The present case study proved the influence of the kaolinite structural order-disorder degrees (HI or R2) and the kaolin chemical variability (KCV) on the average crystallite size (nm), that given by the empirical equations: D001 = 99.35 (HI × KCV) + 28.42 and D001 = 141.50 (R2 × KCV) + 24.65. The Azhar-IACT Index (HI × KCV or R2 × KCV) is a new chemo-structural index proposed as useful tool in sedimentological-chemostratigraphic analysis of non-marine facies, even for geological correlations. This index is successfully differentiated between the Egyptian Carboniferous kaolins as deposited under higher acidic and oxidizing environments than the Cretaceous ones, promoting the kaolinite crystal growth. Therefore, kaolinite stacking perfection with its controlling crystallite thickness D001 as rapid and easy measurable mineralogical parameters is an effective proxy in sedimentology for predicting the predominant depositional conditions particularly discriminations of different kaolinite-rich sedimentary facies.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
19
23
PETROGRAPHICAL, MINERALOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF CRETACEOUS-PALEOCENE NON-CLASTIC ROCKS IN WADI QWIEH – WADI ABU HAMRA AREA, CENTRAL EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT
Mohammed H. Awad , Magdy S. El Sawy , Osama R. El Shahat , Wael Abdel Wahab , Baha`a A. Hassab El-Naby
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
National Research Center, Dokky
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
ABSTRACT
Integrated stratigraphical, petrographical, mineralogical and geochemical studies were scared out on the non-clastic Turonian - Early Eocene rocks in Wadi Qwieh – Wadi Abu Hamra area, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt.
Petrographically, the studied carbonate samples reveal the following microfacies association; ferruginous dolo-biosparite, and ferruginous dolosparite, glauconitic biomicrite, glauconitic brachiopod biosparite, ferruginous sparite, ferruginous phosphatic biosparite, foraminiferal biosparite, ferruginous dolo-biosparite, ferruginous foraminiferal biodolosparite, foraminiferal biomicrite, dolomicrite, micrite, ostracodal micrite, and dolo biomicrite microfacies association.
The microfacies associations are recognized in the phosphate samples are; glauconitic phosphatic biosparite, phosphatic biosparite, ferruginous glauconitic phosphatic biosparite and chertic glauconite phosphatic biosparite.
The calcite and dolomite are the main constituents recorded in the limestone and dolomite rock samples. Dahlite and francolite are the main minerals recorded in the phosphate rock samples with minor dolomite minerals.
The relatively high level of CaO and low values of silica and MgO in some studied carbonates samples, show a high degree of purity of the limestone, hence its suitability as raw material for different industrial uses. The higher values of Ca/Mg ratio in some samples reflect less evaporation of the sea water and low salinity during the formation of these carbonate rocks.
The quite low Sr concentrations in the studied carbonate rocks suggested that the dolomites precipitated are not from a seawater origin. The relatively high Sr concentration in some carbonate samples in the Duwi and Thebes formations indicates the presence of marine skeletal remains, rich in Sr.
The top part of the Dakhla Shale contains chert and phosphatic limestone beds (about 4m.) which contain P2O5 content (average 27.27 %) and U content (average 104.5 ppm). So, we recommended detailed economic studies of this bed as a new phosphate deposit in the Eastern Desert.
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MATH
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CSC
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BIO
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
20
23
Utilization GNSS and seismicity for monitoring the crustal deformation of northern part of Nile delta,Egypt
Kamal Osman sakr , Abdelmonem sayed mohamed , Mustafa Mohammed abubakr , Mahmoud stayed Ahmed etman
Professor
Professors
Associate professor
Research assistant
ABSTRACT
Abstract: Crustal movement studies are very important tool for understanding the geodynamic of the Earth on regional and local scales. Recently, one of the important methods for studying crustal movement, by means of space techniques, is the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The earth's crust deformation attains values of only few mm/yr and can be determined according to the spatial and temporal measurements as well as their degree of accuracy. The northern part of Nile delta is a rapidly growing development accompanied by the increased levels of standard living particularly in its urban areas. The Nile Delta area is one of the most important regions in Egypt. It has been selected for this study because of its high-density population area, economic and strategic importance. It shows an active geologic structure attributed to the tectonic movements of the African and Eurasian plates from one side and the Arabian plate from the other side. The investigations of the seismic events and their interpretations had led to evaluate the seismic hazard for disaster mitigation, for the safety of the densely populated regions. Participation the GNNS Permanent stations of the northern part of Nile delta with the Southern part of Europe will give a clear picture about the recent crustal deformation and the African plate velocity. The results from the data sets are compared and combined in order to determine the main characteristics of the deformation and hazard estimation for specified regions. In this study, GNSS observations will be used to investigate the recent crustal movements and its relation to seismicity and tectonic along the Northern Part of Nile Delta area. The geodetic permanent stations that we used and processed which (Borg Elarab, Damit, Mansoura, PortSaid, Mersa Matrooh, Helwan, mesalat) and the available data collected during the period from 2009 to 2019. The observed data was analyzed using Bernese 5.2 software, the velocity vectors and principal components of crustal strains along the study area were determined. The estimated annual horizontal velocity of the Northern Nile delta region including the relative horizontal velocity of the Nubian plate using model NUVEL 1A are found to be in the range of 14.2 to 22.6 mm/yr with an uncertainty level of 3 mm/yr. Rate of the accumulated strains in the northern part of Nile delta varies from low to moderate. The low strain rates and low level of earthquakes occurrence in the present interval in the Northern part of Nile Delta area indicated that the rate of the deformation in this area is small. This study is an attempt to build a basis for further development of seismic catastrophic risk management models to reduce a risk of large catastrophic losses within the important area. The results show that the area under study suffers from discontinuous seismic activity related to the crustal movements taken place along trends of major faults.
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MATH
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CSC
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GEO
BIO
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
21
23
Fluid flow enhancement for Hammam Faraun Member using flow zone indicator
Ahmed Ismail , Yousry Zein el-Dein , Mahmoud Gabr
Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company GUPCO
Al-Azhar University
Bp Egypt
ABSTRACT
Gulf of Suez considered one of the most important oil province in Egypt, which is located in the northeast part of Egypt. It is produced oil from the Miocene and pre – Miocene reservoirs. The Miocene reservoirs are considered one of the most important reservoirs in the Gulf of Suez. It consists mainly of sands with interbeded dolomitic silts and shales. Based on the pore scale, the Hammam Faraun Member is a heterogeneous reservoir. We used the flow zone indicator concept (FZI) to differentiate Hammam Faraun reservoir into flow zones. Based on statistical methods, Four FZI can be identified within Hammam Faraun Member. This study indicates that the FZI is controlled essentially by the permeability, which in turn controlled by the pore throat size. The pore throat size is a function of the pore type, which is determined by the depositional facies. Presence of clays and conductive minerals, as well as feldspars, led to significant reduction in porosity, permeability and poor reservoir quality zones. As results from FZI technique, it is clear the predicted permeability in the offset wells matches with core horizontal permeability and nuclear magnetic resonance calculated permeability.
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
22
23
Hydrogeologic characteristics of Quaternary aquifer in Gallaba plain area, South Western Desert, Egypt.
Prof.Hassan Saleh Sabet , Prof.Abd El Fattah ElSheikh , Prof.Mustafa A.Eissa , Ahmed Gomaa
Prof of Hydro geophysics -Geology department-Facultyof Science-Al Azhar University
Prof of Hydrology -Desert Research Centere
Prof of Hydrogeochemistry -Desert Research Centere
Al-Azhar University
ABSTRACT
The present study was carried out in Gallaba plain area , It is located west of the Nile River between Aswan and Edfu. It is bordered to the west by Sin El-Kaddab plateau and to the east by the flood plain of the Nile. The groundwater is the only source of water in the area of the plain, despite the proximity of the area to Lake Nasser and the Nile River. There are generally two groundwater aquifers in the area, the Nubian Sandstone aquifer and the Quaternary aquifer. The Nubian sandstone aquifer is located in the south of Gallaba plain starting from Aswan Toshka road to the Northern direction near Benban road with groundwater depths range from 18 to 70 meters The Quaternary aquifer dominates Gallaba plain in the form of an unconfined aquifer. The area is a large flood plain with most of its alluvial sediments up to 250 meters thick of The Quaternary aquifer. Most Water in general is suitable for irrigation and agriculture, with salinity ranging from 700 to 5400 ppm. The study proved the significant role of geological structures in the presence and potential of groundwater in Gallaba plain. It also shows the limited impact of the Nile River on the groundwater of Gallaba plain.
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MATH
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CSC
CHEM
GEO
BIO
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10th International Scientific Conf.
Basic Sciences and its Applications
30 March – 1 April, 2020
Cairo, Egypt
المؤتمر العلمي الدولي العاشر
العلوم الأساسية وتطبيقاتها
2020
ابريل
1
-
مارس
30
القاهرة ـ جمهورية مصر العربية
Geological Sciences and its applications
23
23
PRELIMINARY ACTIVE TECTONIC ASSESSMENT OF WADI GHOWEIBA CATCHMENT, GULF OF SUEZ RIFT, EGYPT, INTEGRATION OF REMOTE SENSING, TECTONIC GEOMORPHOLOGY, AND GIS TECHNIQUES
Abdelrahman KHALIFA
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
ABSTRACT
The Wadi Ghoweiba catchment, the northeastern part of the western coast of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt has been examined to evaluate the impact of tectonic activity remarks through a significant analysis of the morphotectonic indexes that were calculated using geographic information systems (GIS) technique. Four morphotectonic indexes, including mountain front sinuosity, valley floor width-to-valley height ratio, rock strength, and stream length gradient index were applied and processed for recognition of tectonic activity evidence. The results computed from these indexes were combined to examine different fracture and/or fault segments of the catchment. The values of the measured morphotectonic indexes were used to evaluate the distribution of the different tectonic signals of the study catchment. The examined catchment mostly reflects low-to-medium tectonic activity signals. From 25 studied segments, only two segments found at the southern Ghoweiba catchment wall record medium-to-high tectonic values which indicate very small significant tectonic activity compared to the whole catchment. Based on these morphotectonic indexes, the southern segments might indicate relatively important tectonic activity with respect to the northern segments of the study catchment.
